English Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 2

English - Essay Example This attitude is established by Douglass’s description of Mrs. Auld as â€Å"a woman of the kindest heart and finest feelings† (Douglass, p 159) until she is corrupted by the poison of slavery. Likewise, he expresses his deep affection for the little white boys who taught him to read. On the other hand, Douglass is unequivocal in his attitude towards white people who are slaveholders. He declares, â€Å"I loathed them as being the meanest as well as the wickedest of men,† (Douglass, p 164). He holds Andrew and Mrs. Hamilton to be the examples of this bestiality. Douglas is undoubtedly bitter about his slavery experiences. His learning makes him acutely conscious of slavery as a violation of human rights. His hatred of the unjust society, which has denied his people their freedom, is evident throughout the Narrative. He describes such a society as composed of â€Å"a band of robbers,† (Douglass, p 164). Douglass is particularly anguished by the cruel treatm ent meted out to his grandmother, who is abandoned and turned out to die alone in her old age. He condemns a society that supports slavery as one in which â€Å"the exercise of irresponsible power† (Douglass, p 162) is sanctioned. It is slavery which makes barbarians of a society. Charles Darwin’s Natural Selection deals with the significance of natural variations, and the evolution of those variations which are favorable for the survival of the species.

Short Interfering RNA Essay -- Biology

missing figures Background Information RNA inference (RNAi) was first discovered in Cenorhabditis elegans nearly a decade ago and have been revolutionizing gene-function analysis ever since. This discovery began the process by which scientists work with a known gene sequence and attempt to define its biological function by disrupting its activity in vivo. It involves the introduction of homologous double stranded RNA (dsRNA) to specifically target a gene's product and to disrupt the function of that gene in vivo. The resulting effects on an animal are referred to as a phenocopy due to the fact that it copies the phenotype of a loss-of-function mutation of that gene, but is not really inherited like how a true gene deletion would be. Despite the variety of technologies, this was not possible before due to the lack of genome information. The advances in gene sequencing throughout the past couple of years have allowed various usages of available technology to go after any gene and try to identify the gene, as well as to understand its specific function. Once the sequence is known, an open reading frame can be obtained to find a specific coding region of a gene by looking for the universal start codon, AUG, and the universal stopping codon, UAA, UUA, or UAG. From there, RNAi can be introduced into cells of certain organisms, with dsRNA as the interfering agent that can result in the destruction and degradation of a sequence specific messenger RNA (mRNA) that mimics a loss-of-function phenotype. In other words, RNAi is a very efficient and highly specific way in which to inactivate gene function and can serve as an alternative to gene knockouts, or the conventional antisense technology. The mechanism of how dsRNA results in... ...of a marker gene and a hairpin expression cassette in a viral vector would allow single-cell or mosaic analysis of gene function. †¢ It may be possible in the future to apply this process of hairpin siRNA synthesis to studies of neurogenesis and differentiation in mammals. The information contained in this website comes from (or was sought out because of) the paper entitled "RNA interference by expression of short-interfering RNAs and hairpin RNAs in mammalian cells" written by Dr. Jenn-Yah Yu, Dr. Stacy L. DeRuiter, and Dr. David L. Turner at the University of Michigan's Department of Biological Chemistry. Citations: DeRuiter, Stacy. Yu, Jenn-Yah. Turner, David L. "RNA interference by expression of short-interfering RNAs and hairpin RNAs in mammalian cells." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA. Vol. 99, Issue 9, 6047-6052, April 30, 2002

Bamboozled: Black People and White Man Essay

In 2000, Spike Lee wrote and directed the film Bamboozled. When discussing his satirical film, Spike Lee claimed, â€Å"I want people to think about the power of images, not just in terms of race, but how imagery is used and what sort of social impact it has – how it influences how we talk, how we think, how we view one another[. . . ]how film and television have historically[. . . ]produced and perpetuated distorted images. † Spike Lee certainly conveyed this message in Bamboozled. Images are powerful and carry massive social impact. They should never be misrepresented. Are all African Americans either lazy or dim-witted or â€Å"happy servants†, always ready and willing to please the White Man? The short answer is, no. However, throughout the 1800s and early 1900s, many people believed this. The ultimate question is, why? As explained in the film Ethnic Notions, this false perception grew and grew, even past the time of slavery, due to images. Derogatory images of African Americans as â€Å"happy servants† or â€Å"savages,† were everywhere; they were published in children’s books and slapped on cans of food to be used as a marketing tool. People bought into this perception of African Americans, as they became acclimatized to it. Today, our society likes to believe that times have changed and there is no longer an issue of race or false perception of African Americans in the media. However, Spike Lee argues, â€Å"A new â€Å"phenomenon† has emerged in film in recent years, in which an African-American character is imbued with special powers, filmmaker Spike Lee told a student audience ? This new image is just a reincarnation of â€Å"the same old† stereotype or caricature of African Americans ? Lee cited four recent films in which there is a â€Å"magical, mystical Negro† character ? in â€Å"The Legend of Bagger Vance,† a black man â€Å"with all these powers,† teaches a young white male ? how to golf like a champion ? â€Å"How is it that black people have these powers but they use them for the benefit of white people? † Spike Lee seems to be under the impression that African Americans are still misrepresented in the media. They have only improved their ability to mask the fact. False image is still there, but it is subtle. His film Bamboozled ripped viewers’ eyes wide open. The film explored and demonstrated two images of African Americans. The first image, is the Black Man who is just like the White Man or the Asian Man or the Middle-Eastern Man; a man who can be rich and successful like Pierre Delacroix in Bamboozled; a man who can be poor and when without money will do almost anything for it like Manray and Womack. However, when Pierre Delacroix pitched television shows about a Black Man living in an upper-middle-class white, suburban neighborhood, his superior, Thomas Dunwitty turned them down, â€Å"they definitely don’t want to see dignified black people [on television]. † However, the network would allow Pierre Delacroix to create a show which blatantly degrades African Americans; a show which goes back to the 1900s, to the time of black face and minstrel shows; a time when black people were considered subhuman. This is where Spike Lee demonstrates the other image of the African American; an image that the media has gently forced down viewer’s throats. Spike Lee, however, did not do so gently. The fictional television show in Bamboozled, â€Å"Mantan’s New Millennium Minstrel Show†, starred African Americans in â€Å"black face† acting like buffoons. It might as well have been an authentic minstrel show in the 1900s. There was dancing and singing. The two main characters hid from the White Man in a chicken coup, saying â€Å"ain’t nobody in here but us chickens! â€Å"4 The creator, Pierre Delacroix’s initial intention with this show was not to degrade his own race. It was to â€Å"break the stereotypes. â€Å"5 He figured the nation would be shocked and outraged! Instead they ate it up. The studio audience dressed in black face. Children trick-or-treated in black face. It was the latest craze of the nation. Black face is an act which digs back to a time of slavery, a time where African Americans were considered inferior. It was now socially acceptable to publicly highlight a moment in history that pained African Americans. People figured it’s on TV, it’s OK! The black man was degraded, as he has always been, but in Bamboozled no mercy was spared. Spike Lee used the film in a variety of ways. He attacked today’s media and the way in which it portrays African Americans. He explored the wide scope of African American’s lives, which is no different than the lives of any other race. He demonstrated the consequences of greed and sacrificing one’s dignity. Furthermore, he exposed society for what it really is: mindless. The majority of a population does not question the media. Instead it swallows images whole, even if those images are as false and misleading as a painted black face.

Simple French Conjugations for Punir (to Punish)

The word  punir  is French for to punish. In order to use this verb to mean the past tense punished or the present tense punishing, youll need to know how to conjugate it. Luckily,  punir  is a relatively easy one because its a regular verb. A quick lesson will introduce you to the essential forms of  punir  youll need for French conversations. The Basic Conjugations of  Punir French verb conjugations do require some work. You need to memorize it in the various tenses and theres a new form for every subject pronoun within each tense. That means you have a lot of words to study. However, because  punir  is a  regular -ir verb, you can apply what you already know for similar verbs to this one. The first step is to identify the verb stem, which is  pun-. From there, you will add the ending that corresponds to the subject pronoun and either the present, future, or imperfect past tense. For instance, I am punishing is  je punis  and we will punish is  nous punirons. Present Future Imperfect je punis punirai punissais tu punis puniras punissais il punit punira punissait nous punissons punirons punissions vous punissez punirez punissiez ils punissent puniront punissaient The Present Participle of  Punir The  present participle  of  punir  is  punissant. This is a verb, though there may be some instances where youll also find it helpful as an adjective or noun. Punir  in the Compound Past Tense The past tense can be expressed with the imperfect or the  passà © composà ©. This is a compound, so you that requires the  past participle  puni. To begin, conjugate the auxiliary verb  avoir  into the appropriate present tense for the subject. This results in phrases such as  jai puni  for I punished and  nous avons puni  for we punished. More Simple Conjugations of  Punir At times, you may need a few more conjugations for  punir.   The subjunctive, for instance, questions whether the punishment will happen.  In a similar fashion,  the conditional  implies that its an if...then situation.  The passà © simple  and  imperfect subjunctive  are typically reserved for written French, but they are good to know as well. Subjunctive Conditional Pass Simple Imperfect Subjunctive je punisse punirais punis punisse tu punisses punirais punis punisses il punisse punirait punit punt nous punissions punirions punmes punissions vous punissiez puniriez puntes punissiez ils punissent puniraient punirent punissent A useful verb mood for a word like  punir,  the French imperative  is used when you want to be assertive and very direct. In this case, its acceptable to skip the subject pronoun, so  tu punis  becomes  punis. Imperative (tu) punis (nous) punissons (vous) punissez

International Business Norms of Morality and Local Cultures

1. INTRODUCTION International Business is a business where all the activities pass through the other country’s borderline. This definition includes international trade and manufacturing abroad, industry’s service in a field like transportation, tourism, banking, advertisement, construction, retail trade, big trade and mass communication. There are two reasons to running the International Business, first is specialization between nations. In a relation with an advance or a certain power with all its weakness, therefore a country must be choose a strategic option to produce a strategic commodity. The second is the consideration of business development. A company that already moves in some kind of business inside a country often tries to†¦show more content†¦When the needs of the community grew , the business of the board shall be increased by about progress to meet those needs , while earning profits. - Musselman and Jackson ( 1992 ) Business is the sum or the activities organized by people who have been in the field of business and industry that provides goods and services to the needs of maintaining and improving the standards and quality of life. - Glossy , steade and Lowry ( 1996 ) An activity that meet the needs and economically organized society and enterprises to engage in such activities. - Allan Affuan ( 2004 ) Business itself is a group activity that is done to create a way to expand and transform the various resources become into goods or services that consumers really want. Business ethics is the study of formal standards and how the standards are applied to the system and the organization of modern society that is used to produce and distribute goods and services and applied to people who are in the organization. This study concentrates on moral standards as applied in policies, institutions, and business conduct. In here I want to talk specifically about Ethics in International business. Any of the ethical issues and dilemmas in international business is rooted in the fact that the political system, law, economic development, and culture vary significantly from nation to nation. In the international business setting, most commonly involving ethicalShow MoreRelatedMultinational Corporations1110 Words   |  5 Pagesbeen and are currently now under harsh criticism. They are mainly condemned for exploiting resources and workers of third world countries, taking jobs away from the US industry, and destroying local cultures. Although there are negatives of multinational corporations, there are also positives. Business done overseas provides jobs for the people of the host country, improving the standard of living, and transfers technology. Richard T. De George explains moral standards, in five basic theses,Read MoreCulture Issues in Developed Countries1538 Words   |  6 Pagesglobal economy becomes more of a reality, and as various developing countries increase the amount of business they do with developed countries, many cultural issues arise. Running a business is different in different countries. Even as globalization makes us citizens of a global village, we cannot lose the perspective that there are different beliefs and normative behaviors in different cultures some acceptable in country A, but not in country B; some even expected. Often, when looking at ethicalRead MoreEthics in International Environments Essays1348 Words   |  6 PagesEthics in International Environments Introduction Global marketing opportunities usually form the pillar under which viability and profitability of international marketing depend upon. This merged with globalization of market today makes international marketing practices a concern globally that calls for moral responsibility (ethics) in conducting business (Danley, 1983). Ethics in international marketing poses many dilemmas and this is because value judgments differ among different cultures. WhatRead MoreStandards Of An Organization Should Be Accountable For Its Actions On The Environment1327 Words   |  6 PagesThere should be disclosure of policies, operations, decisions for which it is responsible in an accurate, complete and clear manner. This includes both the known and likely effects on the society and environment. ïÆ'Ëœ Ethical Behavior: This reflects morality. It states that the behavior of an organization should be based on equity, honesty and very importantly, integrity. The processes should be void of activities that don’t jeopardize the welfare of both internal and external stakeholders. StandardsRead MoreEthically Responsible4889 Words   |  20 PagesResponsible Should Companies Be For the Adverse Affects They Have On Countries They Enter To Do Business How Ethically Responsible Should Companies Be For the Adverse Affects They Have On Countries They Enter to Do Business Name of Student Name of University/College Name of Professor Course Abstract Changes in the business environment have presented a number of challenges to establish ways of doing business. Thus, managers realized that the survival and growth of firms today and in the futureRead MoreEthical Codes Across Cultures : Ethics774 Words   |  4 PagesEthical Codes Across Cultures According to Abiodun and Oyeniyi (2010), ethics addresses issues of good and bad and with moral issues and duties. Ethics sets rules of conduct in place in the hopes of providing guidelines for human behaviors focused on the preservation of a society. In the United States, National Conference of State Legislatures (NCSL) has put instruction or guides specific to restriction for legislators in relation to restrictions on gifts from lobbyists to legislators. Some statesRead MoreLegal Positivism: Hart, Austin, Bentham Essay1217 Words   |  5 PagesA Positivists World: Morality Holds No Place Close to the Heart Islamic law, often known as Shariah law, occasionally contrasts with manys view of what is moral or just. However, when viewed under the light of positivism, all law is divorced from a system of ethics. Legality is not, inherently nor intentionally, compliant with a code of behavior. Law is, as it is created by the ruling class, designed to benefit those in power. Morals and sentiment do not play a role in the government, norRead MoreShould International Businesses Do As the Romans Do When in Rome1541 Words   |  7 PagesMultinational companies face many challenges in their international business dealings due to the environments they operate in which are commonly less regulated, are not democratically governed with legal systems to solve ethical and social responsibility dilemmas and are full of corruption. Managers are consequently faced with many unfamiliar economic conditions, cultural values and competitive variables (Grace and Cohen, 2000:180). Wild, Wild Han (2010:128) define ethical behaviour as personalRead MoreCase Study on CadMex Pharma1245 Words   |  5 Pagesevolves in their new market structure, the developing world adds to the pressures and changes necessary to do business in the contemporary environment. Doing business is not the same worldwide, and the citizens of the global village realize that there are different cultural norms, behaviors, and expectations that stakeholders of all types have when thinking about the modern corporation. Business ethics sets up standards for organizations to act in a way that may be considered right or wrong, or at theRead MoreEthical Principles1475 Words   |  6 Pagesepitomize exemplary ethical behavior. In this paper I will analyze the issue confronting an evaluator in a case study and explain how it can be resolved using some recognized ethical principles. The case centers on the evaluation process in an international organization, Siam Chemicals Company (SCC), and its parent company, Chimique Helevetique Ltd. (CHL). Like most companies or organizations, SCC went through an annual evaluation process â€Å"to measure an individual’s input and output, competencies

Midsummer Nights Dream - 1886 Words

Characters The Athenians Theseus – Duke of Athens Hippolyta – Queen of the Amazons, betrothed to Theseus Philostrate – Master of the Revels Egeus – father of Hermia, wants her to marry Demetrius Hermia – in love with Lysander Helena – in love with Demetrius Lysander – in love with Hermia Demetrius – in love with Hermia at first but later loves Helena The Fairies Oberon – Titanias husband and King of the Fairies Titania – Oberons wife and Queen of the Fairies Robin Goodfellow/Puck – servant to Oberon Peaseblossom – fairy servant to Titania Cobweb – fairy servant to Titania Moth – fairy servant to Titania Mustardseed – fairy servant to Titania First Fairy, Second Fairy The Mechanicals (An acting troupe) Peter Quince –†¦show more content†¦As usual, Demetrius insists Helena stop following him; he even vows to harm her if she doesnt leave him alone. Taking pity on Helena, Oberon instructs Puck to put some love juice in Demetrius eyes at a moment when Helena will be the first person he sees upon waking. Titania and her fairies are the next to enter the stage, with Oberon secretly following. When Titania falls asleep, Oberon squeezes the love juice in her eyes, hoping a wild beast will be the first creature she sees upon waking. In the meantime, Hermia and Lysander wander near Titanias bower. Lost in the woods, they decide to stop and rest until morning. Puck sees Lysander asleep and assumes he is the nasty Athenian Oberon told him about. He puts the love juice in Lysanders eyes. Still in pursuit of Demetrius, Helena wanders past and notices the sleeping Lysander. She awakens him, and he immediately falls in love with her. Cautious and heartbroken, Helena assumes Lysander is teasing her, so she runs away. Lysander follows. Hermia awakens, calling out for Lysanders help, because she has just had a nightmare in which a snake ate her heart. She dashes into the woods in search of Lysander. Quince, Bottom, and the other actors are the next characters to meander near Titanias bower. As they rehearse Pyramus and Thisbe, Puck secretly listens, appalled by their awful acting. Deciding Bottom is the worst in the bunch, Puck gives him an ass-head. When Bottom sauntersShow MoreRelatedA Midsummer Nights Dream772 Words   |  4 Pages In A Midsummer Nights Dream, one of the masterpieces of William Shakespeare, Shakespeare explores various aspects of love and friendship. With the help of the main characters such as Lysander, Demetrious Helena and Hermia, he endeavors that the path of love is full of obstacles, however, if one is committed and faithful, he/she can defy those obstacles leading him/her to success. As Lysander says â€Å"The course of true love never did run smooth†, the love stories presented in the playRead MoreA Midsummer Nights Dream Essay1482 Words   |  6 PagesA Midsummer Night’s Dream: by William Shakespeare William Shakespeare was born in April 1564. He had married at the age of eighteen to a twenty-six year old woman named Anne Hathaway in 1582. He had a daughter named Susanna and twins, Judith and Hamnet. Hamnet, his only son, died at age eleven. Shakespeare died in April 1616. Despite the fact that Shakespeare wrote some thirty-seven plays, owned part of his theatrical company, acted in plays, and retired a relatively wealthy man in the cityRead MoreUnreality in A Midsummer Nights Dream1693 Words   |  7 PagesUnreality in A Midsummer Nights Dream Shakespeares A Midsummer Nights Dream is a play that encompasses three worlds: the romantic world of the aristocratic lovers, the workday world of the rude mechanicals, and the fairy world of Titania and Oberon. And while all three worlds tangle and intertwine during the course of the play, it is the fairy world that has the greatest impact, for both the lovers and the mechanicals are changed by their brush with the children of Pan. For those whoseRead MoreMidsummer Nights Dream Essay1041 Words   |  5 PagesWilliam Shakespeare’s play A Midsummer Night’s Dream utilizes the technique of multiple characters playing leading roles. The fairy character Puck stands out as a dominant and leading role in the play. Puck is the best fit for the role of the protagonist because he is mischievous and therefore, has the ability to change the outcome of the play through his schemes and actions. As the protagonist, Puck is responsible for creating the major conflict that occurs between the four lovers throughout theRead MoreLove in A Midsummer Night’s Dream1043 Words   |  5 PagesLove in A Midsummer Night’s Dream Throughout the events which unfold in A Midsummer Night’s Dream, Shakespeare delivers several messages on love. Through this play, one of the significant ideas he suggests is that love is blind, often defying logic and overriding other emotions and priorities. Helena loves Demetrius unconditionally and pursues him despite knowing that he loathes her; conflict arises between Helena and Hermia, childhood best friends, over Demetrius and Lysander; and becauseRead MoreMetatheatre in a Midsummer Nights Dream1805 Words   |  8 PagesMETATHEATRE IN A MIDSUMMER NIGHT’S DREAM (SHAKESPEARE). The term metatheatre is used to refer to any instance in which a play draws attention to itself as a play, rather than pretending to be a representation of â€Å"reality.† Various uses of metatheatrical devices can be found in the works of William Shakespeare. One of Shakespeare’s favorite such devices is the â€Å"play-within-a-play.† With this device, the theatre audience finds itself watching an audience (on stage) watching a playRead MoreA Midsummer Nights Dream Essay1790 Words   |  8 Pagesâ€Å"A Midsummer Night’s Dream† Essay â€Å"A Midsummer Night’s Dream†, one of Shakespeare’s most beloved comedies, is generally thought of as a comical romance. A very important factor that makes the whole play a comedy, is magic, which is used to affect the lives of four Athenians: Hermia, Lysander, Helena and Demetrius. Bottom, also a simple human, falls victim of the fairies’ mischievous magic. The magic reaches these characters by Puck, a naughty fairy, and Oberon, the king of fairies. PuckRead MoreA Midsummer Nights Dream and Scene1024 Words   |  5 PagesA Midsummer Night’s Dream Study Questions ACT I, SCENE I - Due Date ____________________ 1. How is Hippolyta’s reasoning concerning how quickly the next four days will pass different from that of Theseus? 2. Why has Egeus brought his daughter and her two suitors to Theseus? What does Egeus expect him to do? 3. What was the proper role for women/daughters in Athenian society according to Egeus and Theseus? 4. What is Theseus’s ruling concerning Hermia? 5. How does Lysander’s comment about Demetrius’sRead MoreA Midsummer Nights Dream1121 Words   |  5 Pagesarranged by parents for financial support. Shakespeare, however, wrote about couples who choose each other and love in preference to money and social status. They prove their love through crazy antics and tender loving words. In A Midsummer Nights Dream right from the begining we see the romance and drama unfold with the characters Lysander and Hermia, both madly in love but both threatened during the pursuit of their love. Hermia is told by her father not to marry Lysander but to marry DemetriusRead MorePassion in A Midsummer Nights Dream Essay963 Words   |  4 PagesPassion in A Midsummer Night’s Dream Shakespeare’s A Midsummer Night’s Dream may come off as a simple comedy but is a complex play with many interesting aspects. Passion, a significant characteristic, is often expressed through the play. Characters in the play show passion for different reasons; Puck passions for mischief, Helena for Demetrius’ love and Bottom for theatrics, are a few of the many examples. Passion shows much significance, being the most important characteristic in the play

Accountability in the Health Care Industry Free Essays

Accountability inside the health care industry S. Thomas University of Phoenix Leadership and Performance Development HCS/475 Paula Smith March 25, 2010 Accountability inside the health care industry Accountability by definition can best be described as â€Å"the perception of being held answerable for one’s actions or decisions† (Gelfand, Lim, and Raver, 2004, pg. 138). We will write a custom essay sample on Accountability in the Health Care Industry or any similar topic only for you Order Now Unfortunately, for some Americans the terms â€Å"accountability† or â€Å"accountability standards† appear to be nothing more than cleverly marketed buzzwords that are used to fool imprudent consumers into a believing that there is a system of proper checks and balances within American businesses (Hughes, 2004). After all, for years the American public has taken a front roll seat to watch business after business fold because their company executive were brought up on charges of accounting fraud, theft, or ethical violations (Valentine, Godkin, Page, and Rittenburg, 2008). The cynicism of these detractors is clearly understandable, considering that to date only a handful of executives have been successfully prosecuted or charged with a crime. Despite the validity of the detractors argument, there is one fact that these cynics seem to forget and that is, â€Å"the concept of accountability dates back to the time of Aristotle†, who back then, contextualized the subject in terms of justice, punishment, and social control (Gelfand, Lim, and Raver, 2004). In fact, accountability is a topic that has been closely aligned with psychology, politics, law, education, health care, and organizational behavior (Gelfand, Lim, and Raver, 2004). Indeed, accountability and accountability standards are a crucial component of each and every discipline, especially in the field of health care. Health care is a unique business in that; the industry has a fiduciary duty to federal, state, and local governments. Not only do professionals mployed within the industry have different professional and ethical obligations but every decision or judgment that is made will also have a direct impact on the way care is delivered. Nonetheless, the doubts and misgivings of the American consumers has forced health care organizations into taking a more hands-on approach toward fostering a climate of accountability inside organizations. These consumer demands forced organizations to implement transparent accountability standards. Furthermore, there are two successful approaches that businesses have used to shift to a more productive stand. The first is by establishing strategic performance objectives and assessing their effectiveness (Mulvaney-Harris, Zwahr, and Baranowski, 2006). For instance, in the past if a nurse made a medication error by giving a medication a patient was allergic to the prevailing wisdom was to subvert the incident or keep the knowledge of the incident within the department where it occurred. Back then, the protocol for medication errors was to inform the physician, charge nurse, department manager, and lastly the nurse supervisor. Now instead of containing these incidents within the department, hospitals managers are instead using these incidents as a teachable moment and to gather data. Meaning, that instead on punishing the employee or firing them, managers are revisiting incidents, patient loads or training procedures to make certain that employees are properly trained or reviewing the processes before a medication is given (St. John Medical Center, 2004). The second approach that successful organizations have used is to incorporate systems of â€Å"checks and balances† that are interdependent throughout their businesses. The sole purpose of instituting a system of checks and balance is to ensure that there is an internal control mechanism in place to impede fraud, waste, or abuse. In the example of the medication error, the system of check and balances that was instituted created an audit trail by purchasing an automatic medication dispenser that would only release medication designate for that specific patient (Business Dictionary, 2010). If another medication error occurred, this error could be traced to the nurses for that patient, the pharmacy department who stocked the dispenser, and the physician who ordered the medication. For some health care facilities, employing a system of balances entails giving mid-level managers the authority to make decisions and the related responsibilities to verify execution is distributed among different departments (Business Dictionary, 2010). The unexpected benefits of implementing organizational checks and balances systems have permanently transformed today’s health care organizations. Specifically, the corporate backing of internal accountability standards has created a positive work climate that promotes greater understanding and support for the organizations’ mission, while simultaneously enhancing the decision making abilities of managers (Mulvaney-Harris, Zwahr, and Baranowski, 2006, pg. 438). To continuously promote or foster these productive environments 21st century health care facilities will have to keep establishing strategic performance objectives to gather data, measure it, and assess the procedures’ effectiveness. Not just to quell the voices of cynical detractors but also to run efficient organizations. References Business Dictionary (2010). Definition of checks and balances. BusinessDictionary. com Retrieved on March 23, 2010 from http://www. businessdictionary. com/definition/checks-and-balances. html Gelfand, M. J. , Lim, B. C. , and Raver, J. L. (2004). Culture and accountability in . organizations: Variations in forms of social control across cultures Science-Direct. Human Resource Management Review. Vol. 14: Iss1. Elsevier Science Inc. Retrieved on March 20, 2010 Hughes, S. (2004). Critics warn of push to weaken corporate accountability laws CQ Weekly- banking Financial Services. Retrieved on March 21, 2010 from Sage Publications Mulvaney-Harris, R. R. , Zwahr, M. and Baranowski, L. (2006). The trend toward accountability: What does it mean for HR managers? Science-Direct. Human Resource Management Review. Vol. 16. Elsevier Science Inc. Retrieved on March 20, 2010 St John Medical Center (2004). SOP: Medication Errors. St. John Medical Center Tulsa OK Retrieved on April 2004 Valentine, S. , Godkin, L. , Page, K. , and Rittenburg, T. (2008). Gender and ethics: Ethical judgments, ethical intentions and altruism among healthcare professionals. Retrieved from Emerald, on March 23, 2010 How to cite Accountability in the Health Care Industry, Essay examples